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The National Aeronautics and Space Administration, shortened as NASA, is an agency of the US government responsible for space-related activities. It was established in an act on 29 July 1958, and competed with the Soviet space program during the Space Race. Notable programs so far include early projects Mercury and Gemini, lunar exploration programs Apollo and Artemis, the Space Shuttle, and Skylab. Its Apollo 11 mission in particular marked the first time humans landed on the Moon.